South India Land Measurement Guide: Cent, Ground, Gunta & Ankanam Explained

Land measurement in South India uses a variety of traditional units that differ from North and West India. States like Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh use units such as cent, ground, gunta and ankanam to measure land. Because these units vary by region, many people find it difficult to calculate land area accurately when buying, selling or registering property.

This South India land measurement guide explains how land is measured across southern states and how to convert traditional units into square feet, acre or hectare. Whether you are a farmer, property buyer, engineer or real estate agent, understanding land measurement units in South India is essential for accurate plot size calculation. We also include formulas, examples and conversion charts to help you calculate land area easily using a free land area calculator.

What is the Land Measurement System in South India?

India uses both metric and traditional land measurement systems. In South India, traditional units are still widely used in rural and semi-urban areas. These include:

Because each state has its own system, the same unit can represent different values. This makes land unit conversion important when calculating property area. Using a land measurement calculator or conversion chart helps ensure accuracy when measuring plot size.

Land Measurement Units in Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu uses cent and ground as common land measurement units.

Key Conversions in Tamil Nadu

  • 1 Cent = 435.6 sq ft
  • 1 Ground = 2,400 sq ft
  • 100 Cent = 1 Acre
  • 1 Acre = 43,560 sq ft

These units are commonly used for residential plots and agricultural land throughout Tamil Nadu.

Tamil Nadu Example Calculation

If land size = 5 Cent: 5 × 435.6 = 2,178 sq ft Conversion to acre: 2,178 ÷ 43,560 = 0.05 acres Using Ground: If plot = 2 Ground: 2 × 2,400 = 4,800 sq ft

This method helps in quick plot area calculation for property transactions in Tamil Nadu.

Ground Measurement in Tamil Nadu

Ground is widely used in urban property measurement, especially in cities like Chennai, Coimbatore, and Madurai.

1 Ground = 2,400 sq ft If a plot is 2.5 Ground: 2.5 × 2,400 = 6,000 sq ft Conversion to Cent: 6,000 ÷ 435.6 = 13.77 Cent

Using a plot area calculator, you can convert this into acre or square meter instantly for construction planning.

Land Measurement in Karnataka

Karnataka uses gunta as a primary land measurement unit.

Key Conversions in Karnataka

  • 1 Gunta = 1,089 sq ft
  • 40 Gunta = 1 Acre
  • 1 Acre = 43,560 sq ft
  • 1 Hectare = 2.471 acres

Gunta is commonly used for agricultural land and residential plots across Karnataka.

Karnataka Calculation Example

If land size = 10 Gunta: 10 × 1,089 = 10,890 sq ft Conversion to acre: 10,890 ÷ 43,560 = 0.25 acres Conversion to hectares: 0.25 ÷ 2.471 = 0.101 hectares

This value can be converted into acre using a land conversion calculator for property registration in Karnataka.

Land Measurement in Kerala

Kerala mainly uses cent for land measurement.

Key Conversions in Kerala

  • 1 Cent = 435.6 sq ft
  • 100 Cent = 1 Acre
  • 1 Acre = 43,560 sq ft
  • 1 Are = 100 sq m = 1,076.4 sq ft

Cent is widely used for residential property and agricultural land throughout Kerala.

Kerala Example Calculation

If plot size = 10 Cent: 10 × 435.6 = 4,356 sq ft Conversion to acre: 4,356 ÷ 43,560 = 0.10 acres In metric: 4,356 ÷ 10.764 = 404.7 sq m

For accurate measurement in Kerala, always verify with local authorities as slight regional variations may exist.

Land Measurement in Andhra Pradesh & Telangana

Andhra Pradesh and Telangana use ankanam and gunta as traditional units.

Key Conversions in Andhra Pradesh

  • 1 Ankanam = 72 sq ft
  • 1 Gunta = 1,089 sq ft
  • 40 Gunta = 1 Acre
  • 1 Acre = 43,560 sq ft

Ankanam is commonly used in local property measurement, especially in rural areas.

Andhra Pradesh Calculation Example

If land = 100 Ankanam: 100 × 72 = 7,200 sq ft Conversion to Gunta: 7,200 ÷ 1,089 = 6.61 Gunta Conversion to acre: 7,200 ÷ 43,560 = 0.165 acres

This is commonly used in local property measurement for agricultural and residential land.

South India Land Conversion Chart

Use this comprehensive conversion list for accurate land unit conversions across South India:

1 Cent 435.6 sq ft
Used in Tamil Nadu & Kerala • 100 Cent = 1 Acre
1 Ground 2,400 sq ft
Tamil Nadu urban property • Common in Chennai
1 Gunta 1,089 sq ft
Karnataka & Andhra • 40 Gunta = 1 Acre
1 Ankanam 72 sq ft
Andhra Pradesh traditional • 605 Ankanam = 1 Acre
1 Acre 43,560 sq ft
Standard unit • 100 Cent = 40 Gunta = 1 Acre
1 Hectare 107,639 sq ft
Metric unit • 1 Hectare = 2.471 Acres

Free South India Land Area Calculator

Use our interactive calculator to calculate plot area in Cent, Ground, Gunta, Ankanam and other traditional units instantly:

South India Land Calculator

Calculate land area in Cent, Ground, Gunta, Ankanam, acres and hectares with automatic conversion between all South Indian units.

Open Land Area Calculator

Features: Cent to sq ft • Ground calculator • Gunta conversion • Save results

Cent to Sq Ft Gunta Converter Ground to Acre

How to Calculate Land Area (Step-by-Step)

Follow these simple steps to calculate any plot area accurately in South India:

Step 1: Measure Length and Width

Tools to use:

  • Measuring tape for small residential plots
  • Survey map or property documents from registrar
  • GPS device or mobile measurement app
  • Laser distance meter for accuracy

Always measure twice and record measurements in feet or meters consistently for accurate calculation.

Step 2: Apply Area Formula

Basic formula for rectangular plots:

Land area = Length × Width

Example in South India:

Length = 50 ft Width = 40 ft Area = 50 × 40 = 2,000 sq ft

For triangular plots: Area = ½ × Base × Height

Step 3: Convert to Local Units

Convert to traditional South Indian units:

2,000 sq ft to Cent: 2,000 ÷ 435.6 = 4.59 Cent 2,000 sq ft to Gunta: 2,000 ÷ 1,089 = 1.84 Gunta 2,000 sq ft to Ground: 2,000 ÷ 2,400 = 0.83 Ground

Use our land area converter tool for instant conversions between all units.

Land Area Calculation for Irregular Plots

If land shape is irregular (not rectangular or square), follow this method used by surveyors:

  1. Divide the plot into smaller regular shapes (rectangles, triangles)
  2. Measure each section separately
  3. Calculate the area of each shape using appropriate formulas
  4. Add all areas to get total plot area
  5. Convert the total area into desired local units

Surveyors commonly use this method. Our online land area calculator has an irregular plot mode that handles complex shapes automatically with point-by-point measurement.

Why Accurate Land Measurement is Important

Accurate land measurement is necessary for several critical purposes in South India:

Property Transactions and Legal Matters

Construction and Development

Agricultural Planning

Incorrect land calculation can cause legal problems, financial losses, and construction issues. Using a reliable land measurement calculator helps ensure accuracy in all these scenarios.

Common Land Measurement Mistakes to Avoid

People often make these errors when calculating land area in South India:

Using Wrong Conversion Values

Problem: Assuming 1 Cent = 400 sq ft instead of 435.6 sq ft

Solution: Always use standardized conversion values or verify with local sub-registrar office

Ignoring State Variations

Problem: Using Tamil Nadu Ground value in Karnataka or vice versa

Solution: Confirm local unit sizes and use state-specific conversion factors

Not Accounting for Irregular Shapes

Problem: Assuming all plots are rectangular when measuring irregular agricultural land

Solution: Divide irregular plots into regular shapes or use professional survey tools

Land Measurement Tips for Property Buyers

Before buying land in South India, follow these essential steps:

  1. Confirm the specific unit system used in that locality
  2. Check conversion values with local village office or tehsildar
  3. Use a reliable land calculator for verification of seller's claims
  4. Verify measurements with official survey maps from revenue department
  5. Consult a local property expert or lawyer for area confirmation
  6. Physical Verification: Visit the site with a measuring tape for rough verification

This ensures accurate plot size calculation and prevents costly mistakes in property investment.

Differences Across South India

Understanding regional variations is crucial for accurate land measurement in South India:

Tamil Nadu Cent, Ground
1 Cent = 435.6 sq ft • 1 Ground = 2,400 sq ft • Urban focus
Karnataka Gunta
1 Gunta = 1,089 sq ft • 40 Gunta = 1 Acre • Rural & urban use
Kerala Cent
1 Cent = 435.6 sq ft • 100 Cent = 1 Acre • Residential focus
Andhra Pradesh Ankanam, Gunta
1 Ankanam = 72 sq ft • 1 Gunta = 1,089 sq ft • Traditional use

Each state has its own traditional system. Always verify locally or use our South India land converter for accurate conversions.

Frequently Asked Questions

How is land measured in South India?

Land in South India is measured using traditional units like Cent (Tamil Nadu, Kerala), Ground (Tamil Nadu), Gunta (Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh), and Ankanam (Andhra Pradesh). These units vary by state and are used alongside modern units like square feet, acres, and hectares, especially in urban areas and for official purposes.

How many square feet in one cent?

1 Cent equals 435.6 square feet in both Tamil Nadu and Kerala. This is a standardized conversion used for property transactions and land records. However, always verify with local authorities as slight variations might exist in certain regions. Use our Cent to sq ft calculator for quick conversions.

What is gunta in land measurement?

1 Gunta equals 1,089 square feet and is primarily used in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. 40 Gunta equals 1 acre. Gunta is commonly used for measuring agricultural land and residential plots in these states. For accurate conversion, use our Gunta converter tool.

How many cent in one acre?

There are 100 Cent in 1 acre. Since 1 Cent = 435.6 sq ft and 1 acre = 43,560 sq ft, the calculation is 43,560 ÷ 435.6 = 100 Cent. This conversion is standard in Tamil Nadu and Kerala where the Cent system is used.

Which is better: manual calculation or online calculator?

Online land calculators are generally more accurate for conversions as they eliminate human calculation errors. They use precise formulas and standardized conversion factors. However, for physical measurement, manual tools like measuring tapes are essential. For best results, measure manually and verify conversions using our online calculator.

Conclusion: South India Land Measurement Guide

Understanding land measurement in South India is important for accurate plot size calculation. Tamil Nadu uses cent and ground, Karnataka uses gunta, Kerala uses cent, and Andhra Pradesh uses ankanam and gunta. Because these units vary by region, using a land area calculator is the best way to calculate land size accurately.

Key takeaways from this South India land measurement guide:

This South India land measurement guide helps you understand conversion formulas, calculate land area and avoid common mistakes. Bookmark this page and use the calculator tool whenever you need to measure land for property transactions, construction planning, or agricultural purposes.

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Use this complete South India land measurement guide to calculate plot size in Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh. Learn traditional units like cent to sq ft, ground measurement, gunta conversion and ankanam calculation. Includes conversion charts, calculation formulas and free land area calculator tools for accurate property measurement across South India.